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Kubernetes PV在Retain策略Released状态下重新分配到PVC恢复数据

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Kubernetes PV 在 Retain 策略 Released 状态下重新分配到 PVC 恢复数据

[TOC]

1. 实验目的和环境说明

原由:在使用helm update stable/sonatype-nexus从 1.6 版本更新到 1.13 版本后,出现 PVC 删除,重新创建 PVC 的情况,好在原来 PV 为 Retain。故研究下 Retain 的 PV 怎么恢复数据。

实验目的:PVC 删除后,PV 因 Retain 策略,状态为 Released,将 PV 内数据恢复成 PVC,挂载到 POD 内,达到数据恢复。

环境说明:

  • Kubernetes: 1.12.1
  • StorageClass: ceph-rbd
  • OS: CentOS7

2. 实验过程

准备 yaml 文件:

pvc.yaml

apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
metadata:
  name: pvc-test
spec:
  accessModes:
    - ReadWriteOnce
  storageClassName: ceph-rbd
  resources:
    requests:
      storage: 1Gi

nginx.yaml

apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: nginx-rbd
spec:
  replicas: 1
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        name: nginx
    spec:
      containers:
        - name: nginx
          image: nginx
          imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
          ports:
            - containerPort: 80
          volumeMounts:
            - name: ceph-rbd-volume
              mountPath: '/usr/share/nginx/html'
      volumes:
        - name: ceph-rbd-volume
          persistentVolumeClaim:
            claimName: pvc-test

新建 pvc、deployment、写入数据并删除 pvc 操作过程:

[root@lab1 test]# ll
total 8
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 533 Oct 24 17:54 nginx.yaml
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 187 Oct 24 17:55 pvc.yaml
[root@lab1 test]# kubectl apply -f pvc.yaml
persistentvolumeclaim/pvc-test created
[root@lab1 test]# kubectl get pvc
NAME               STATUS   VOLUME                                     CAPACITY   ACCESS MODES   STORAGECLASS   AGE
pvc-test           Bound    pvc-069c4486-d773-11e8-bd12-000c2931d938   1Gi        RWO            ceph-rbd       7s
[root@lab1 test]# kubectl apply -f nginx.yaml
deployment.extensions/nginx-rbd created
[root@lab1 test]# kubectl get pod |grep nginx-rbd
nginx-rbd-7c6449886-thv25           1/1     Running   0          33s
[root@lab1 test]# kubectl exec -it nginx-rbd-7c6449886-thv25 -- /bin/bash -c 'echo ygqygq2 > /usr/share/nginx/html/ygqygq2.html'
[root@lab1 test]# kubectl exec -it nginx-rbd-7c6449886-thv25 -- cat /usr/share/nginx/html/ygqygq2.html
ygqygq2
[root@lab1 test]# kubectl delete -f nginx.yaml
deployment.extensions "nginx-rbd" deleted
[root@lab1 test]# kubectl get pvc pvc-test
NAME       STATUS   VOLUME                                     CAPACITY   ACCESS MODES   STORAGECLASS   AGE
pvc-test   Bound    pvc-069c4486-d773-11e8-bd12-000c2931d938   1Gi        RWO            ceph-rbd       4m10s
[root@lab1 test]# kubectl delete pvc pvc-test  # 删除PVC
persistentvolumeclaim "pvc-test" deleted
[root@lab1 test]# kubectl get pv pvc-069c4486-d773-11e8-bd12-000c2931d938
NAME                                       CAPACITY   ACCESS MODES   RECLAIM POLICY   STATUS     CLAIM              STORAGECLASS   REASON   AGE
pvc-069c4486-d773-11e8-bd12-000c2931d938   1Gi        RWO            Retain           Released   default/pvc-test   ceph-rbd                4m33s
[root@lab1 test]# kubectl get pv pvc-069c4486-d773-11e8-bd12-000c2931d938 -o yaml > /tmp/pvc-069c4486-d773-11e8-bd12-000c2931d938.yaml  # 保留备用

从上面可以看到,pvc 删除后,pv 变成 Released 状态。

再次创建同名 PVC,查看是否分配原来 PV 操作过程:

[root@lab1 test]# kubectl apply -f pvc.yaml
persistentvolumeclaim/pvc-test created
[root@lab1 test]# kubectl get pvc  # 查看新建的PVC
NAME               STATUS   VOLUME                                     CAPACITY   ACCESS MODES   STORAGECLASS   AGE
pvc-test           Bound    pvc-f2df48ea-d773-11e8-b6c8-000c29ea3e30   1Gi        RWO            ceph-rbd       19s
[root@lab1 test]# kubectl get pv pvc-069c4486-d773-11e8-bd12-000c2931d938  # 查看原来的PV
NAME                                       CAPACITY   ACCESS MODES   RECLAIM POLICY   STATUS     CLAIM              STORAGECLASS   REASON   AGE
pvc-069c4486-d773-11e8-bd12-000c2931d938   1Gi        RWO            Retain           Released   default/pvc-test   ceph-rbd                7m18s
[root@lab1 test]#

从上面可以看到,PVC 分配的是新的 PV,因为 PV 状态不是 Available。

那怎么才能让 PV 状态变成 Available 呢?我们来查看之前的 PV:

[root@lab1 test]# cat /tmp/pvc-069c4486-d773-11e8-bd12-000c2931d938.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolume
metadata:
  annotations:
    pv.kubernetes.io/provisioned-by: ceph.com/rbd
    rbdProvisionerIdentity: ceph.com/rbd
  creationTimestamp: 2018-10-24T09:56:06Z
  finalizers:
  - kubernetes.io/pv-protection
  name: pvc-069c4486-d773-11e8-bd12-000c2931d938
  resourceVersion: "11752758"
  selfLink: /api/v1/persistentvolumes/pvc-069c4486-d773-11e8-bd12-000c2931d938
  uid: 06b57ef7-d773-11e8-bd12-000c2931d938
spec:
  accessModes:
  - ReadWriteOnce
  capacity:
    storage: 1Gi
  claimRef:
    apiVersion: v1
    kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
    name: pvc-test
    namespace: default
    resourceVersion: "11751559"
    uid: 069c4486-d773-11e8-bd12-000c2931d938
  persistentVolumeReclaimPolicy: Retain
  rbd:
    fsType: ext4
    image: kubernetes-dynamic-pvc-06a25bd3-d773-11e8-8c3e-0a580af400d5
    keyring: /etc/ceph/keyring
    monitors:
    - 192.168.105.92:6789
    - 192.168.105.93:6789
    - 192.168.105.94:6789
    pool: kube
    secretRef:
      name: ceph-secret
      namespace: kube-system
    user: kube
  storageClassName: ceph-rbd
status:
  phase: Released

从上面可以看到,spec.claimRef 这段,仍保留之前的 PVC 信息。

我们大胆删除 spec.claimRef 这段。再次查看 PV:

kubectl edit pv pvc-069c4486-d773-11e8-bd12-000c2931d938

[root@lab1 test]# kubectl get pv pvc-069c4486-d773-11e8-bd12-000c2931d938
NAME                                       CAPACITY   ACCESS MODES   RECLAIM POLICY   STATUS      CLAIM   STORAGECLASS   REASON   AGE
pvc-069c4486-d773-11e8-bd12-000c2931d938   1Gi        RWO            Retain           Available           ceph-rbd                10m

从上面可以看到,之前的 PV pvc-069c4486-d773-11e8-bd12-000c2931d938已经变为 Available。

再次创建 PVC、deployment,并查看数据:

new_pvc.yaml

apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
metadata:
  name: pvc-test-new
spec:
  accessModes:
    - ReadWriteOnce
  storageClassName: ceph-rbd
  resources:
    requests:
      storage: 1Gi

new_nginx.yaml

apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: nginx-rbd
spec:
  replicas: 1
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        name: nginx
    spec:
      containers:
        - name: nginx
          image: nginx
          imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
          ports:
            - containerPort: 80
          volumeMounts:
            - name: ceph-rbd-volume
              mountPath: '/usr/share/nginx/html'
      volumes:
        - name: ceph-rbd-volume
          persistentVolumeClaim:
            claimName: pvc-test-new

操作过程:

[root@lab1 test]# kubectl apply -f new_pvc.yaml
persistentvolumeclaim/pvc-test-new created
[root@lab1 test]# kubectl get pvc
NAME               STATUS   VOLUME                                     CAPACITY   ACCESS MODES   STORAGECLASS   AGE
pvc-test           Bound    pvc-f2df48ea-d773-11e8-b6c8-000c29ea3e30   1Gi        RWO            ceph-rbd       31m
pvc-test-new       Bound    pvc-069c4486-d773-11e8-bd12-000c2931d938   1Gi        RWO            ceph-rbd       27m
[root@lab1 test]# kubectl apply -f new_nginx.yaml
[root@lab1 test]# kubectl get pod|grep nginx-rbd
nginx-rbd-79bb766b6c-mv2h8          1/1     Running   0          20m
[root@lab1 test]# kubectl exec -it nginx-rbd-79bb766b6c-mv2h8 -- ls /usr/share/nginx/html
lost+found  ygqygq2.html
[root@lab1 test]# kubectl exec -it nginx-rbd-79bb766b6c-mv2h8 -- cat /usr/share/nginx/html/ygqygq2.html
ygqygq2

从上面可以看到,新的 PVC 分配到的是原来的 PV pvc-069c4486-d773-11e8-bd12-000c2931d938,并且数据完全还在。

3. 小结

当前版本 Kubernetes PVC 存储大小是唯一能被设置或请求的资源,因我们没有修改 PVC 的大小,在 PV 的 Available 状态下,有 PVC 请求分配相同大小时,PV 会被分配出去并绑定成功。
在 PV 变成 Available 过程中,最关键的是 PV 的spec.claimRef字段,该字段记录着原来 PVC 的绑定信息,删除绑定信息,即可重新释放 PV 从而达到 Available。

参考资料: [1] https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/storage/persistent-volumes/ [2] https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/storage/storage-classes/